2019년 8월 25일 영어 - 문법 - Unit 84. no/none/any nothing/nobody 등

공부하는 책: Grammar in use intermediate

 

no/none/any nothing/nobody 등

■ no, none

no + 명사 = 'not a' + 명사 또는 'not any' + 명사

ex 1) We had to walk home because there was no bus. (= there wasn't a bus)

ex 2) There were no stores open. (= There weren't any stores open.)

 

'no + 명사'를 주어로 사용 가능

ex) No reason was given for the change of plan.

 

'none'은 명사 없이 단독으로 사용. (none = no + 명사)

ex 1) "How much money do you have?" "None." (= no money)

ex 2) All the tickets have been sold. There are none left. (= no tickets left)

 

'none of + 명사' 형태로 사용

ex) This money is all yours. None of it is mine.

 

'none of + 복수명사(none of the students, none of them 등)' + 동사의 복수형 or 단수형 가능하지만, 복수형을 일반적으로 사용

ex) None of the stores were (또는 was) open.

 

■ nothing, nobody / no one, nowhere

문장 맨 앞 or 질문에 대답할 때 사용

ex 1) Nobody (또는 No one) came to visit me while I was in the hospital.

ex 2) "What happened?" "Nothing."

 

동사(특히 be, have) 뒤에 사용 가능

ex 1) The house is empty. There's no one living there.

ex 2) We had nothing to eat.

 

nothing/nobody 등 = not + anything/anybody 등

ex 1) I didn't say anything. (= I said nothing.)

ex 2) Jane didn't tell anybody about her plans. (= Jane told nobody ...)

ex 3) They don't have anywhere to live. (= They have nowhere to live.)

 

nothing/nobody 등은 동사의 부정형(isn't, didn't 등)과 함께 사용하지 않음

ex 1) I said nothing. (I didn't say nothing ❌)

ex 2) Nobody tells me anything. (Nobody doesn't tell me ❌)

 

any / anything / anybody 등은 (not 없이) 또한 '어떤 ... 이나 / 어떤 것이나 / 어떤 사람이나 상관없다'라는 의미로 사용.

ex 1-1) There was no bus, so we walked home.

ex 1-2) You can take any bus, so we walked home.

 

■ nobody / no one을 지칭할 때 they/them/their 사용 가능

ex 1) Nobody called, did they? (= did he or sh)

ex 2) No one did what I asked them to do. (= him or her)

 

연습

✅❌🤔💡

 

no/none/any를 사용하여 문장 완성하기.

ex 1) It was a holiday, so there were, no stores open.

ex 2) I don't have any money. Can you lend me some?

lend 미국·영국 [lend] 1. 빌려주다 2. (돈을) 빌려주다, 대출하다 3. (사람·상황에 어떤 특질을) 주다

✅ 3) We had to walk home because there were no taxis.

✅ 4) We had to walk home because there weren't any taxis.

✅ 5) "How many eggs do we have?" "None. Should I go and get some?"

✅ 6) We took a few pictures, but none of them were very good.

❌ 7) What a stupid thing to do! Any intelligent person would do something like that.

=> No intelligent ...

✅ 8) I'll try to answer any questions you ask me.

✅ 9) I couldn't answer none of the questions they asked me.

✅ 10) We canceled the party because none of the people we invited were able to come.

✅ 11) I tried to call Chris, but there was no answer.

 

none / nobody / no one / nothing / nowhere를 사용하여 질문에 답하기.

1) What did you do? Nothing.

✅ 2) Who were you talking to? Nobody.

✅ 3) How much luggage do you have? None.

✅ 4) Where are you going? Nowhere.

❌ 5) How many mistakes did you make? Nothing.

=> None

❌ 6) How much did you pay? None.

=> Nothing

 

any / anybody / anything / anywhere를 사용하여 같은 질문에 완전한 문장으로 답하기.

ex 1-2) I didn't do anything.

✅❌ 2-2) I didn't talk to anybody.

=> wasn't talking to anybody/anyone

❌ 3-2) I don't have anything.

=> I don't have any luggage.

✅❌ 4-2) I don't go anywhere.

=> I'm not going anywhere

✅❌ 5-2) I didn't make anything.

=> I didn't make any mistakes.

❌ 6-2) I didn't any pay.

=> I didn't pay anything.

 

no 또는 any + body/one/thing/where를 사용하여 문장 완성하기.

ex 1) I don't want anything to drink. I'm not thirsty.

✅ 2) The bus was completely empty. There was nobody on it.

✅ 3) "Where did you go for vacation?" "Nowhere. I stayed home."

✅ 4) I went to the mall, but I didn't buy anything.

✅ 5) A: What did you buy? B: Nothing. I couldn't find anything I wanted.

❌ 6) The town is still the same as it was years ago. Nowhere has changed.

=> Nothing

✅ 7) Have you seen my watch? I can't find it anywhere.

✅ 8) There was complete silence in the room. Nobody said anything.

 

어법에 맞는 것을 고르기.

ex 1) She didn't tell nobody / anybody abont her plans. (anybody 가 맞음)

✅ 2) The accident looked serious, but fortunately nobody / anybody was injured.

fortunately 미국식 [ˈfɔːrtʃ-] 영국식 [ˈfɔːtʃənətli] 다행스럽게도, 운 좋게도

✅ 3) I looked out the window, but I couldn't see no one / anyone.

✅ 4) My job is very easy. Nobody / Anybody could do it.

✅ 5) "What's in that box?" "Nothing / Anything. It's empty."

❌ 6) The situation is uncertain. Nothing / Anything could happen.

=> Anything

uncertain 미국식 [ʌnˈsɜːrtn] 영국식 [ʌnˈsɜːtn] 1. 확신이 없는, 잘 모르는 2. 불확실한, 불안정한 3. 확정되지 않은, 불분명한

✅ 7) I don't know nothing / anything about economics.

economics 미국식 [-ˈnɑːm-] 영국식 [ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks;ˌekə-] 1. 경제학 2. (어떤 산업 분야·사회의) 자본 환경