2019년 2월 18일 영어 PTE-A - SWT 연습 (International trade)

문제 출처: https://www.fireflyau.com/index.html

 

원본

The world is shrinking rapidly with the advent of faster communication, transportation, and financial flows. Products developed in one country—Gucci purses, Sony electronics, McDonald’s hamburgers, Japanese sushi, German BMWs—have found enthusiastic acceptance in other countries. It would not be surprising to hear about a German businessman wearing an Italian suit meeting an English friend at a Japanese restaurant who later returns home to drink Russian vodka and watch Dancing with the Stars on TV.

International trade has boomed over the past three decades. Since 1990, the number of multinational corporations in the world has grown from 30,000 to more than 63,000. Some of these multinationals are true giants. In fact, of the largest 150 “economies” in the world, only 81 are countries. The remaining 69 are multinational corporations. Walmart, the world’s largest company, has annual revenues greater than the GDP of all but the world’s 21 largest countries.

Between 2000 and 2008, total world trade grew more than 7 percent per year, easily out-stripping GDP output, which was about 3 percent. Despite a dip in world trade caused by the recent worldwide recession, the world trade of products and services last year was valued at more than $12 trillion, about 17 percent of GDP worldwide.

Many U.S. companies have long been successful at international marketing: McDonald’s, Coca-Cola, Starbucks, GE, IBM, Colgate, Caterpillar, Boeing, and dozens of other American firms have made the world their market. In the United States, names such as Sony, Toyota, Nestlé, IKEA, Canon, and Nokia have become household words. Other products and services that appear to be American are, in fact, produced or owned by foreign companies.

 

포인트 잡기

The world is shrinking rapidly with the advent of faster communication, transportation, and financial flows. Products developed in one country (—Gucci purses, Sony electronics, McDonald’s hamburgers, Japanese sushi, German BMWs—) have found enthusiastic acceptance in other countries. It would not be surprising to hear about a German businessman wearing an Italian suit meeting an English friend at a Japanese restaurant who later returns home to drink Russian vodka and watch Dancing with the Stars on TV.

International trade has boomed over the past three decades. Since 1990, the number of multinational corporations in the world has grown from 30,000 to more than 63,000. Some of these multinationals are true giants. In fact, of the largest 150 “economies” in the world, only 81 are countries. The remaining 69 are multinational corporations. Walmart (,the world’s largest company,) has annual revenues greater than the GDP of all but the world’s 21 largest countries.

Between 2000 and 2008, total world trade grew more than 7 percent per year, easily out-stripping GDP output, which was about 3 percent. Despite a dip in world trade caused by the recent worldwide recession, the world trade of products and services last year was valued at more than $12 trillion (, about 17 percent of GDP worldwide).

Many U.S. companies have long been successful at international marketing (: McDonald’s, Coca-Cola, Starbucks, GE, IBM, Colgate, Caterpillar, Boeing, and dozens of other American firms have made the world their market). In the United States, names such as Sony, Toyota, Nestlé, IKEA, Canon, and Nokia have become household words. Other products and services that appear to be American are, in fact, produced or owned by foreign companies.

※ 괄호(): 부가적인 설명

 

단어

※ shrink 미국·영국 [ʃrɪŋk]: [동사] (옷을 뜨거운 물에 빨거나 하여) 줄어들다[오그라지다]; 줄어들게[오그라지게] 하다

※ rapidly 미국·영국 [rǽpidli]: 빨리, 급속히, 신속히, 순식간에

※ advent 미국·영국 [ˈædvent]: 도래, 출현 / 강림절(기독교에서 크리스마스 전의 4주간을 가리킴)

※ financial 미국·영국 [faɪˈnænʃl;fəˈnæ-]: 금융의, 돈이 있는

※ enthusiastic 미국식 [-ˌθuː-] 영국식 [ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk]: 열렬한, 열광적인

※ acceptance 미국·영국 [əkˈseptəns]: (선물·제의 등을) 받아들임 / 동의, 승인 / 가입 허가, 수용 절차

※ surprising 미국식 [sərˈp-] 영국식 [səˈpraɪzɪŋ]: 놀라운, 놀랄

※ boom 미국·영국 [buːm]: (사업경제의) 붐, 호황 / (운동 종목음악 등의) 갑작스런 인기, 붐 / (돛의) 아래 활대

※ decade 미국식 [ˈdekeɪd;dɪˈkeɪd]: 10년(특히 1910년-1919년이나 1990년-1999년과 같은 기간을 가리킴)

※ multinational 미국·영국 [ˌmʌltiˈnæʃnəl]: 다국적의 / 다국적 기업

※ corporation 미국식 [ˌkɔːrp-] 영국식 [ˌkɔːpəˈreɪʃn]: (큰 규모의) 기업 / 법인, 조합 / (선출되는) 도시 자치 운영 위원단

※ annual 미국·영국 [ˈænjuəl]: 매년의, 연례의 / 연간의, 한 해의 / (특히 아동용) 연감

※ revenue 미국식 [-nuː] 영국식 [ˈrevənjuː]: (정부·기관의) 수익

※ all but : 거의 / ~외에 모두

※ outstrip (outstripping) 미국·영국 [ˌaʊtˈstrɪp]: (크기·중요성 등에서 …을) 앞지르다 / (경쟁 상대를) 능가하다 / (경주에서 남을) 앞지르다

※ despite 미국·영국 [dɪˈspaɪt]: [전치사] …에도 불구하고

※ dip 미국·영국 [dɪp]: (액체에) 살짝 담그다[적시다] / [명사] (보통 일시적인) 하락

※ worldwide 미국식 [ˈwɜːrld-] 영국식 [ˈwɜːldwaɪd]: [형용사] ([주로 명사 앞에 씀]) 전 세계적인

※ recession 미국·영국 [rɪˈseʃn]: [명사] 경기 후퇴, 불경기, 불황

※ value 미국·영국 [ˈvæljuː] : [명사] (경제적인) 가치 / [타동사] [주로 수동태로] (가치가격을) 평가하다

※ dozen (←dozens*)* 미국·영국 [ˈdʌzn]: [명사, 한정사] doz. 12개짜리 한 묶음, 다스 / 십여 개(로 된 무리), 다수, 여러 개[명/번]

※ firm 미국식 [fɜːrm] 영국식 [fɜːm]: [명사] 회사

※ such as : 예를 들어 (…와 같은)

※ household word : 잘 알려진 속담[이름]; 흔히 쓰는 말

 

요약

International trade has boomed over the past three decades because since 1990, the number of multinational corporations in the world has grown from 30,000 to more than 63,000; despite a dip in world trade caused by the recent worldwide recession, the world trade of products and services last year was valued at more than $12 trillion, about 17 percent of GDP worldwide.

 

추천 요약

As international trade has boomed over the past three decades, the world is shrinking rapidly with the advent of faster communication, transportation and financial flows, despite a dip in world trade caused by the recent worldwide recession, so many U.S. brands have long been successful at international marketing but some products and services produced or owned by foreign companies have also become household words in the United States.